To ensure effective and safe operation of the machinery, the guideline regulations address factors such as STP site, STP technology to adopt, STP functioning, and STP maintenance.<\/em> <\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n Therefore, the GPCB & CPCB has established the following guidelines for STPs: <\/p>\n\n\n\n The following are the CPCB approved STP technologies to use:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Individual units in sewage treatment plants perform various sewage treatment procedures. The following are the units and their criteria in accordance with the guidelines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Bar Screen Chamber and Oil & Grease Chamber of STPs installed should have evident and also have simple access. In addition, the equipment should be submersible and easy to remove\/dismantle anytime repair is required. Finally, to decrease noise pollution, STP air blowers should have vibration mounts and acoustic enclosures. <\/p>\n\n\n\n STPs should be placed beneath driveways, play areas, or clubhouses and also far away from residential areas to avoid causing any inconvenience to residents. STP should also not be used in any building’s basement. To reduce complications caused by rain, flooding, odour, or sound, access to the STP room should be from the ground level or upper basement via well-designed pathways or headroom, rather than from the lowest basement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n According to CPCB, the treated sewage must meet the following requirements. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Sensors for monitoring sewage parameters such as BOD, COD, TSS, flow, and pH are required to be installed. The following are the CPCB’s suggested sensor types and communication protocols. <\/p>\n\n\n\n At STP areas, proper cautionary signboards should be shown, and safety standards should be observed. For maintenance personnel and the general public, “Danger” Sign Boards should also be placed at the STP location. At sewage water taps, the phrase “water not suited for drinking” shall be prominently displayed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The treated water should also be used for toilet flushing, which should be done with a dual plumbing system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n STPs that operate in a modular manner should be developed\/constructed in smaller units so that they can be used according to the load or occupancy of people according to CPCB. The occupancy in the early stages of significant projects where a higher capacity of STPs is required cannot meet the operational standards of the STP. As a result, the element should be taken into account throughout the planning stage. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The below mentioned are just some of the conditions under water act: <\/p>\n\n\n\nGuidelines for Sewage Treatment Plants from the CPCB<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1. STP Technology<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
2. STP Unit Requirements<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
SL. NO<\/td> Unit<\/td>
Activated Sludge Process(ASP)
<\/td>Sequential Batch Reactor(SBR)<\/td> Membrane Bio Reactor(MBR)<\/td> Moving Bed Bio Reactor(MBBR)<\/td><\/tr> 1<\/td> Equalization Tank<\/td> A minimum holding period of 8 hours is also required.<\/td> Similar to ASP<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td><\/tr> 2<\/td> Anoxic Tank<\/td> Pump the activated sludge back to the anoxic tank for denitrification.<\/td> Not required
<\/td>Same to ASP
<\/td>Same to ASP
<\/td><\/tr>3<\/td> Aeration Tank<\/td> Moreover, in the Aeration Tank, dissolved oxygen in excess of 4 mg\/L must be maintained.<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td> Similar to ASP<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td><\/tr> 4<\/td> Membrane Tank<\/td> Not required<\/td> Not required<\/td> Membranes should be replaced regularly as per its manufacturer\u2019s specifications.<\/td> Not required<\/td><\/tr> 5<\/td> Sludge Holding Tank<\/td> Also sludge holding should be required for the storage of excess sludge prior to dewatering.<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td> Similar to ASP<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td><\/tr> 6<\/td> Final Treated Water Holding Tank<\/td> The tank’s capacity should be sufficient to hold water for at least two days.<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td> Similar to ASP<\/td><\/tr> 7<\/td> Sludge Drying Bed<\/td> For >500KLD STPs, a horozontal centrifuge system should also be utilised instead of a sludge drying bed.
Belt press or screw press system should also be utilised for STPs up to 500 KLD.<\/td>Same as ASP<\/td> Similar to ASP<\/td> Same as ASP<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table> 3. STP Requirements for Mechanical Equipment<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
4. STP’s location<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
5. Standards for Treated Sewage<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
SL. NO<\/td> Parameter<\/td> Required Standards<\/td><\/tr> 1<\/td> pH<\/td> 6.5-8.5<\/td><\/tr> 2<\/td> BOD(5th day)<\/td> <10mg\/l<\/td><\/tr> 3<\/td> COD<\/td> <50mg\/l<\/td><\/tr> 4<\/td> Suspended Solids<\/td> <10mg\/l<\/td><\/tr> 5<\/td> Ammonical Nitrogen<\/td> <5mg\/l<\/td><\/tr> 6<\/td> Total Nitrogen<\/td> <5mg\/l<\/td><\/tr> 7<\/td> Fecal Coliform<\/td> <100 MPN\/100 ml<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table> 6. Sensor installation guidelines<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
SL. NO<\/td> Parameter<\/td> Measurement type <\/td> Sensor type <\/td> Communication Protocol<\/td><\/tr> 1<\/td> pH<\/td> Inline<\/td> Ion Selective Glass Electrodes<\/td> RS 485 Communication with Modbus<\/td><\/tr> 2<\/td> TSS<\/td> Inline<\/td> Turbidity to TSS correlation with
Nephelometric technique<\/td>RS 485 Communication with Modbus<\/td><\/tr> 3<\/td> BOD<\/td> Inline<\/td> UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
& combustion(Double beam
with entire spectrum scanning<\/td>RS 485 Communication with Modbus<\/td><\/tr> 4<\/td> COD<\/td> Inline<\/td> UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
& combustion(Double beam
with entire spectrum scanning<\/td>RS 485 Communication with Modbus<\/td><\/tr> 5<\/td> Flow<\/td> Inline<\/td> Electromagnetic Flow Measurement<\/td> RS 485 Communication with Modbus<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table> 7. Caution Board at STP <\/h4>\n\n\n\n
8. Sewage Treatment<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
9. STPs’ Modular Operations<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
GPCB conditions underwater act:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
STP Parameter (GPCB Norms) Outlet <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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