Overview
In this blog, we will be mentioning some of the commonly used sewage treatment plants in India. Every group or community produces liquid and solid waste. The water supplied becomes contaminated after being used by various users. These users or the so-called sewage source could be institutes, industries, residential areas, commercial establishments, etc. Untreated wastewater must not be accumulated. They consist of many decomposed maters. It consists of decomposing organic matter. If we keep these materials for a while, they can produce an enormous amount of foul-smelling gases that can be harmful to the environment. Moreover, it can also contain other toxic compounds that may be harmful if disclose to the environment for a long time. Therefore, it is essential to remove and clean the wastewater from its source.
Water is very precious; many people around the world are not getting enough water. So, due to the scarcity of water, reuse is an excellent option.
Some Types of Sewage Treatment Plants
There are different types of sewage treatment plants in India. The significant difference in them is the process or the way they treat the wastewater:
Rotating Disc System:
It is a biological treatment process for treating wastewater after primary treatment. They remove granules and other solids through a screening process followed by a settling period. The RBC method involves allowing wastewater to come into contact with a biological medium. We do this in order to eliminate contaminants in wastewater before the discharge of treated wastewater into the environment. It consists of a series of closely spaced, parallel discs mounted on a rotating shaft, supported just above the wastewater surface.
Activated Sludge Plant (ASP):
This is a traditional hospital wastewater treatment procedure. We treat wastewater in an open tank (aeration tank) in this process. We supply air either by a fixed/floating surface aerator or by an air blower to provide oxygen to the aerobic microbes. Approximately 12-15 hours of hydraulic retention time is there for the treatment of wastewater. Microorganisms use oxygen in the air to convert organic matter into stabilized, low-energy compounds such as NO3, SO4, and CO3. Moreover, they also synthesize new bacterial cells.
Suspended Media Filters (SMF):
These are designed to extract suspended solids from water and fluid systems. We separate these solids to a level of 5 microns using advanced permanent media. When we withdraw these solids, the pressure decrease through the media increases. The machine automatically re-washes to self-clean the media on the basis of pressure drop or time. The SMF uses four layers of filter media. These include crushed limestone, granite, anthracite, and refractory sand, which have higher flow rates and longer service life. These are skid-mounted in order to reduce maintenance and space requirements. Some examples of SMF are Allerton Drainage, Valance VES 1-4, Clearwater Filter clear, Titan, Entec, Klargester Biotec (and Airflow), Biodigester (pre-1997).
Submerged Aerated Filter (SAF):
The submerged aerated filter (SAF) has a seal tank to explain the solids that are to get rid out of the filter instead of using backwashing. The plant has a depth of 1-4 m of filter media on which to grow biomass. The blower sends air to the bottom of the bed to provide the biomass with oxygen to facilitate the oxidation process. The air stream encourages the adequate mixing of the effluent and the disturbance of any residual solids from the filter medium. There are many SAF variants, and some are the combination system, the loop reactor system, the compartmentalized system, etc.
Non-Electric Filter:
Non-electric water purifiers are generally compact, making them a perfect choice when you need to travel regularly. In addition to power and cost considerations, these water purifiers are very easy to maintain. They are very easy to install too. If you get water from sources like municipal water supply, which mainly have low levels of TDS, then these types of water purifiers are useful. They are ideal in circumstances where there is a shortage of energy or where you do not want to use a lot of electricity. When you have filled the water in a non-electric water purifier, it goes through these filtration stages on its own as a result of gravity. And, hence stores the clean water in the bottom of the water purifier.
Trickling Filter:
A trickling filter also called as the trickling biofilter, biofilter, biological filter, and biological trickling filter. It is a fixed-bed, biological reactor operating under (mostly) aerobic conditions. Pre-installed wastewater is continuously tricked or sprayed over the filter. If the water moves through the pores of the filter, the biofilm covering the filter material degrades organic matter aerobically. The benefit of all these methods is that they are lightweight and that they eliminate organic matter effectively. However, they are high-tech and typically need professional construction and operational workers. Trickling filters are secondary treatment to the primary setting phase.
Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR):
Sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) or sequential batch reactors are commercial wastewater treatment reservoirs. SBR reactors process wastewater, such as sewage or anaerobic digester output, or batch mechanical biological treatment plants. Oxygen is will be bubbling from wastewater to minimize biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the demand for chemical oxygen (COD). It is to make it suitable for discharge into sewers or for use on land. Although there are multiple SBR configurations, the primary mechanism is identical. Treatment consists of a five-stage cycle: fill, react, settle, draw and idle. SBRs are ideal for lower flows since we get the size of each tank by the amount of wastewater that gets to collect in the other tank during the treatment process.
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR):
With the Moving Bed Bioreactor (MBBR), an economical option for wastewater treatment. It is a good option only if the bulk of the contamination load has to get rid of or if the relevant discharge regulations are not strict. The MBBR system consists of an activated sludge aeration system, where the sludge is obtained from recycled plastic carriers. These carriers have a large internal surface for optimum interaction with water, air, and bacteria. For a number of different applications, the MBBR process may for producing the desired results. We achieve this on the basis of the consistency of the wastewater and the discharge legislation.
Membrane Bioreactor (MBR):
Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) is commonly to describe wastewater treatment processes where a perm-selective membrane is combined with a biological process, specifically a suspended growth bioreactor. We consider MBR system to be a complete and fully integrating membrane unit with specific components required to enable the process to operate as desired. The advantages of MBR include a reduced footprint, typically 30-50 percent lower than the comparable traditional active sludge facility with secondary clarifications and tertiary media filtration.
Bottom Line
Sewage treatment plants in India have gained enormous popularity. We all know the importance of pollution control and the saving of water. But, now technology has grown up, and many new techniques came up to solve this problem. Water recycling processes not only help to reuse water but also to keep the ecosystem safe and balanced. Today, we have a range of means and means to fix these problems. Water treatment processes not only help to conserve the water but also to keep the ecosystem safe and healthy. We at Jateen Trading Co are having such a team of experts that can design one for your requirements and we are confident to meet and over pass your demands. We are delivering the same with new technology and quality that you can relay upon.
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